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網誌分類:學習英文的方法 |
網誌日期:2007-09-02 11:16

網友K電郵問:怎樣才能學好 Grammar? 讀 Grammar 書有用嗎?

我常跟學生說:文法是從閱讀學來的。

文法書當然有用,但它和字典一樣,只是從旁輔助的工具。只看文法書卻從不閱讀,一定會走火入魔。情況就和死背生字相同。

最近替幾位來自國內的朋友修改畢業論文,發覺他們通常用字深,卻很少用得對。整篇文章就是無數深字以怪異的句式串成。洋洋萬字的論文,往往只有數十句是通順的,要改也無從入手。這自然是國內著重背誦單詞的學習風氣的產物了。

我們這邊又怎樣? 香港的中學生,在大型補習社的英文名師指導下,亦養成同一陋習,只是程度有別罷了。這問題,我在評論香港高中生的寫作水平時已談過。

其實學文法和學生字一樣,都要 in context 地學。死記生字的中文解釋並不管用,因為你不懂用法,也不清楚場合語氣是否適宜。同樣,像背誦公式般死記甚麼名詞關係子句,甚麼分詞修飾語,好了,詞序和結構都懂了,作文時真的用得著嗎? 用得對嗎? 我改作文時最怕遇到學生的倒裝句,十句有九句用錯。不是公式背錯,而是運用不當。

既然文法規條不能死記,那要怎樣學?

要從閱讀中領悟文法,再以文法書鞏固領略得來的知識。這是我學英文多年的心得。

再舉個簡單例子。冠詞 the 字看似簡單,其實用法深奧多變。一本詳盡的文法書往往記錄數十條運用 the 字的規則,還有無數例外情況,而且例外中仍有例外。要死記的話,記得這麼多嗎? 記下了,到作文時怎樣? 跟據冠詞法規第五條第三小節,這裡應用 the 而非 a,但由於前面出現了某字,卻符合了例外情況三,所以這裡用 the...。這樣運算下去,十之八九用錯。

其實要學好文法,感覺比公式重要。養成閱讀英文的習慣,每次讀書總會遇到 the 字數十次,而每次見於不同情況,不同句式。讀得多了,加上多留意字詞的關係,自然能悟出 the 字微妙的用法來,作文就能寫對。

閱讀時遇到疑惑,才去查閱文法書。這時候,文法書上繁雜的公式就管用了。因為你知道自己要找甚麼,也知道這些規條怎樣用於真正的文字。

這樣才能學好 Grammar。

同學們,別再走錯路了。

siu82english

相關文章:走火入魔的英文學生

http://hk.myblog.yahoo.com/siu82english/article?mid=50&fid=5

 

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  • 檢舉

    Cherry 2009-11-14 21:01

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    finder 2009-08-19 01:06

    Teacher Siu,

    可以錄多些grammar..video 係tube ma???

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    hilda 2009-07-11 18:15

    siu sir,我好中意學grammar架,成日都會睇grammar book同do exercise架,所以有番d feel,我見d同學對grammar既feel好少,不過我覺得憑feel好唔穩陣,好似「流」,同埋會易記得(部分少用到)。
    好想學得更好英文
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    GOD BLESS CHLOE 2009-06-25 21:47

    好同意你所講嘅野呀~!!!我都糸甘学英文的~!!!但我身邊D朋友成日攞本GRAMMAR书同我讨沦英文, I AM JUST SO SICK OF IT! COME ON, GUYS! YOU CAN'T REALLY LEARN ANYTHING UNLESS YOU HAVE A VERY TRUE EXPERIENCE ON THAT! RIGHT?!
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    言成論 2009-05-08 01:20

    小學時的填鴨教育,一味灌輸又不夠靈活互動去學好英語,到現在年紀漸大,才知文法的重要,但要吸收,就太遲了,記憶沒有年輕時好,唯有亡羊補牢……

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    fool of english 2009-03-25 19:09

    I think I should improve my Grammer, and I always get low marks in the dictation, but how, I don't know how to improve? I've tried to read more English book as you said, but I can't remember well the words I have learnt in the book. What should I do ? Please, can you help me, sir? I always want to improve my English to get higher marks in English because it is very silly to get such low mark in English as I am studying in an English School!!!!!
  • 這是私人回應
    這是私人回覆
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    ~立仔~ 2008-08-27 00:01

    講英文既時候, 我成日用錯文法, 例如動詞忘記加s, 無用過去式... 

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    ~立仔~ 2008-08-27 00:01

    講英文既時候, 我成日用錯文法, 例如動詞忘記加s, 無用過去式... 

  • 檢舉

    ~立仔~ 2008-08-27 00:01

    講英文既時候, 我成日用錯文法, 例如動詞忘記加s, 無用過去式... 

  • 檢舉

    ~立仔~ 2008-08-27 00:01

    講英文既時候, 我成日用錯文法, 例如動詞忘記加s, 無用過去式... 

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    黎x2 2008-06-13 01:57

    我想問...
    Tense
    有咩可以幫助到...

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    Ivan 2008-05-31 11:11

    I have a glimpse thought while I was travelling on bus this morning. I have seen a English movie called "The longest yard". It describes how the jails to fight for a win of football game against jail guards. I am not going to discuss their endeavors to win the football game, but some of the jails who can't read inspire me how to learn English. Those jails who can't read still can live in a native English country. The speak more proper English than ours because they use sound and oral chatting in real life for communications. They are back to primitive human communication in several thousands year ago but it works. So, is it important for we to dig our head into grammar rules? I bet those jails didn't learn any grammar rules in their entire life.

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    ray 2008-05-29 15:57

    老師, 那應看那類型英語讀物改善grammar? newspaper? book?(fiction) movie? >>>>>please dun ask such silly questions.  Our siu sir will not respond to that.
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    ray 2008-05-29 15:49

    English !?  just a easy job.  I got  As in all my public exams, without attending those courses conducted by tutorial super kings or super queens. See?
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    Mel 2008-03-18 19:50

    Dear Siu sir,

    Would u mind telling me what is the difference between ENGLISH GRAMMAR and ENGLISH USAGE, please? I find books with the two titles looking very similar in their context.

    Mel

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    涼美 2008-01-04 13:59

    老師, 那應看那類型英語讀物改善grammar? newspaper? book?(fiction) movie?
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    Kiccoro 2008-01-03 15:15

    Agreed that we cannot just blindly follow the grammatical rules but need to look at the context and learn from reading. Still, we need to have certain references in hands so that we know where to refer to when we are in doubt about the grammar when writing. So would you recommend some grammar books or useful websites to us?

    Thanks alot.

    Echo

     

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    Twinkle Star 2007-12-13 21:28

    記得小學時的老師鼓勵我們養成看字典背生字的習慣, 可是我從來只是查字典找解釋或例句, 心想要從厚厚的字典中學生字一定悶死, 何況要死背字詞例句!? 即使每日背誦積少成多, 相信忘掉的比學以致用的還要多很多, 而且字典裡不是每個生字都是常用的嘛~ 如此痛苦地學習, 何苦!? 反而看看故事書更有趣味, 有趣味的東西才會有意欲去接觸, 學習起來也更有效用和效率!
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    咖啡因 2007-09-15 00:33

    「感覺比公式重要」,這句引起我很大的共鳴

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    aileen 2007-09-10 10:23

    你好~  你說得很對~   請問可以引用你的文章嗎? 
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    LittleTwins*star 2007-09-06 16:03

      Woo!!  原來有咁多嘢學喎!! 最衰我對Twins咁細啦!!

     如果唔係叫佢地上blog學英文都幾好吖??

    我會keep住睇o架!!





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    Clarasjoy 2007-09-03 21:36

    Siu Sir,

    Oh well! Whenever you are ready, I will be interested. Meanwhile, I will be working on Harry Potter.

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    Michael 2007-09-03 18:07

    siu sir, 請問美國人和加拿大人的口音有沒有一些明顯的分別.
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    港產"不比凸" 2007-09-03 18:03

    I am so crap at Grammar!!!
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  • 這是私人回應
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    Clarasjoy 2007-09-03 12:24

    I mean interesting books that worth reading for high school students. 

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    Ellen 2007-09-03 12:01

    ah. interesting to know :) 

    During my school years, there weren't many mainland students.  one of my friends ( was also an overseas student from hk) , he got a 600 for Tofel but he got a D from the course of english written communication in our university... I couldn't help making fun of him! haha. He still writes & speaks with lots of jargans ... and sounds very "ESL" :)

    indeed I have heard about how mainland people were so proud of being able to memorize from A to Z in the dictionary :)
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    siu82english 2007-09-03 11:36

    Clara,

    A book club? There aren't many people interested in books on English phonetics, are there?

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    siu82english 2007-09-03 11:25

    Old-2,

    多謝你的留言。

    英語不是由中文演變出來一句說得真好,這正是時下香港中學生不明白的地方。

    但我肯定網友L並非認為我說 Grammar 不重要,只是我轉述不清楚吧。

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    siu82english 2007-09-03 11:20

    The Teacher,

    You're very right. Go to a mainland bookshop and you'll see the language section flooded with books of vocabulary lists.

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    The Teacher 2007-09-03 10:28

    Siu, Ellen, 整篇文章就是無數深字以怪異的句式串成 could be a result of memorizing dictionary definitions, as opposed to reading books, to strengthen their vocabulary.  It was quite a popular English learning method half a century ago in HK too.
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    Clarasjoy 2007-09-03 10:21

    I think it would be nice if you could start a book club in your blog. What do you think?

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    DANIEL 2007-09-03 09:09

    十大一定無問題啦~可能因為Siu sir早排去左旅行所以人流突然少左姐~

    要繼續努力呀!!!!!!

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    siu82english 2007-09-03 08:54

    aelschwan

    不嚇跑我的讀者都偷笑了。

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    siu82english 2007-09-03 08:53

    TT,

    承你貴言。=)

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    TT 2007-09-03 06:01

    其實學英文應該由句開始,而唔係由字開始,再從中領略文法同認識生字。多睇書就有呢個作用。
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    TT 2007-09-03 05:47

    蕭sir教多幾個粗口字,好快變第一!
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    Ellen 2007-09-03 02:59

    I blame TOFEL for that "整篇文章就是無數深字以怪異的句式串成"  :)
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    aelschwan 2007-09-03 02:54

    Siu Sir 我實支持你,你令我學到咁多野! 想入10大好易啫,只要你出鏡就人氣暴升啦!
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    siu82english 2007-09-03 02:40

    Pandora,

    澳洲音的確有點像 Cockney,也有點像英格蘭北部口音。好像把 late, bake 等字讀得像RP的 light, bike 等。另外,與美音比較,英音與澳洲音有較多共通之處 (eg. rhoticity)。

  • 這是私人回應
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    Pandora 2007-09-03 01:38

    我不喜歡做grammar exercise,因為好悶。除了primary school時被迫要做exercise外,好像沒有怎樣完成過一整本的練習,而且在外國學校不教grammar。好像你個例子,我從來沒有研究過the和a的用法,直到修linguistic時,lecturer問我們怎樣用the和a,大家才想平日自己怎樣用這兩個articles。你提到的那些規則,在我這裡應該只有linguistic的老師知道。

    我覺得很難用概括地說Aussie English,因為作為一個前殖民及現移民國家,在語言上一直都是受到很多外來影響。不同地區的Aussie在讀音和常用字上都有一些分別,而且不同generation對同一個字的讀法也有頗大的分別。但也有人認為Aussie English較接近Cockney accents,而近代就加入了很多U.S. influences。

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    Jas 2007-09-03 00:54

    siu,

    聽人介紹了一本書:On writing well - William Zinsser

    請問此書可跟那三本天書比美嗎?

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    Ruby 2007-09-03 00:19

    我有不斷向朋友推介你的 blog 呢,他們都很感興趣,特別是如何擺脫港式口音是最受歡迎的。

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    siu82english 2007-09-02 23:56

    Michael's,

    這就是英文補習的模式。可惜作用不大,而且底子不好的同學在這些教育下很易走火入魔。

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